A Dictionary of Middle-English Cooking Terms MC Logo


C

caboches - Cabbage.

calwar - A type or grade of salmon. May be related to "calver" salmon which is freshly caught and cleaned, or "salar" salmon which is young.

cameline - A very common sauce containing cinnamon. May have originally been "canneline".

camelyne - A very common sauce containing cinnamon. May have originally been "canneline".

canel - Cassia (Cinnamomum cassia). Sold as "cinnamon" in the United States.

canett - Misspelling or transcription error for "canell"

carnel - Transcription error for "caruel" - brains.

carnoun - Transcription error for "carvoun" (carved).

caudel - A smooth, thick soup or beverage, usually made with eggs.

cawdel - A smooth, thick soup or beverage, usually made with eggs.

charchant - Very thick. Chargeant seems to be somewhere between "thick" and stonding in consistency.

charchaunt - Very thick. Chargeant seems to be somewhere between "thick" and stonding in consistency.

charchaut - Very thick. Chargeant seems to be somewhere between "thick" and stonding in consistency.

chard - Flesh. May refer to either the flesh of an animal or the flesh of a fruit.

chare - Flesh. May refer to either the flesh of an animal or the flesh of a fruit.

chargeant - Very thick. Chargeant seems to be somewhere between "thick" and stonding in consistency.

chargeaunt - Very thick. Chargeant seems to be somewhere between "thick" and stonding in consistency.

chargeour - A large plate.

chargeours - A large plate.

charghaunt - Very thick. Chargeant seems to be somewhere between "thick" and stonding in consistency.

chariaud - Very thick. Chargeant seems to be somewhere between "thick" and stonding in consistency.

chariaunt - Very thick. Chargeant seems to be somewhere between "thick" and stonding in consistency.

charlet - A dish made of minced meat boiled in milk.

chastletes - Filled paistry castles.

chawdon - A dish made of organ meats.

chawdoun - A dish made of organ meats.

chescun - Each one. (from French)

chewetes - Small baked or fried pies.

chibolles - Scallions or spring onions.

chiches - Chick peas.

chyballes - Scallions or spring onions.

chyches - Chick peas.

cipris - Cypress. Much of the sugar was imported from Cypress, leading highly sweetened dishes to be labeled as such (e.g. "vyaunde cypre").

clarry - Clary Sage (Salvia sclarea).


clees - Claws.

cloue - Cloves.

clowte - Cloth.

code - Cod (Gadus morhua).

codlyng - Cod (Gadus morhua).


coffyn - A pastry crust, often freestanding and rectangular.

cofyn - A pastry crust, often freestanding and rectangular.

coliaundre - Coriander seed (Coriandrum sativum).

colyandre - Coriander seed (Coriandrum sativum).


colys - A broth with finely ground meat.

comade - Paistry filling.

comfery - Comfrey (Symphytum officinale).


comfyte - Sugar coated seeds (e.g. anise in confit), or fruit in syrup (e.g. pears in confit).

compost - A dish of pickled fruits and vegetables.

comyn - Cumin (Cuminum cyminum).


confit - Sugar coated seeds (e.g. anise in confit), or fruit in syrup (e.g. pears in confit).

confyt - Sugar coated seeds (e.g. anise in confit), or fruit in syrup (e.g. pears in confit).

conger - Eels.

congur - Eels.

connes - Quince. (from French)

coneys - Rabbits.

connynges - Rabbits.

conynges - Rabbits.

conynggis - Rabbits.

conynggys - Rabbits.

cool - Cole or Kale. Any one of a number of leafy vegetables, usually a variant of cabbage (Brassica oleracea).

corance - Raisins made from corinth grapes (a.k.a currants).

coraunce - Raisins made from corinth grapes (a.k.a currants).

corauns - Raisins made from corinth grapes (a.k.a currants).

coraunte - Raisins made from corinth grapes (a.k.a currants).

cormarye - Pork marinated in spiced wine and roasted.

coronse - Raisins made from corinth grapes (a.k.a currants).

costmarye - Costmary (Tanacetum balsamita), also called alecost. A more aromatic relative of Tansy.


cotagres - A roast dish made by sewing the top of a chicken to the back of a pig to look like a mytical animal (cockatrice).

countoer - A top crust.

coynes - Quince.

craytoun - A dish with a sauce made with milk.

cruddes - Curds or new cheese.

crustardes - A savory tart of eggs and meat, similar to quiche.

cryppys - Funnel cake.

cryspels - Thin fried crackers.

cryspes - Funnel cake.

cubebs - (Piper cubeba). A type of pepper with a citrus-like scent. Also called Tailed Pepper.


culdore - Colander.

curlewe - A large wading bird (Numenius arquata), about 20 inches (50 cm) in length.


cyee - Civey. Gravy made with onions.

cynee - Civey. Gravy made with onions. Most likely a transcription error for "cyvee".

cyney - Civey. Gravy made with onions. Most likely a transcription error for "cyvee".

cypre - Cypress. Much of the sugar was imported from Cypress, leading highly sweetened dishes to be labeled as such (e.g. "vyaunde cypre").